1. The change in urine color
The main manifestations of hematuria are changing color of urine, color except microscopic hematuria is normal, macroscopic hematuria is based on the number of bleeding displays different colors. Urine sample pale red, like water washing meat, suggesting that blood exceeds more than 1 ml per liter of urine. When severe bleeding can show blood form. when bleeding kidney, urine and blood uniformly mixing, urine dark red color mostra, bladder or prostate hematuria bright red, sometimes with blood clots.
2. Urinary abnormalities segmentation
Urine whole part color pieces was observed as three cups of urine test with three clean vessel segments beginning, middle and terminal observed in the urine is left, such as hematuria suggesting that lesions in the segment initial urethra. terminal segment hematuria bleeding requested position on the neck of the bladder, prostate and seminal vesicles triangle or posterior urethra. Three segments showed red urine, suggesting that the urine from the kidney or ureter.
3. Renal or post-renal hematuria
Microscopic hematuria normal color, but microscopic examination of the urine can be determined, and can determine renal and post-renal hematuria. RBC microscopic sizes varied forms of glomerular hematuria is common in glomerulonephritis.
4. The type of symptoms of hematuria
While patients with hematuria local or systemic symptoms. Urinary tract symptoms. For example the kidney area pain or cramps suggesting that lesions in the kidneys. Injury urinary tract and bladder are often urinary urgency and dysuria.
5. Asymptomatic hematuria
Some patients with hematuria or urinary tract symptoms and the absence of systemic symptoms, which are common in certain diseases of early, such as renal tuberculosis, kidney or bladder cancer in early stage.
6. Accompanying symptoms
① The hematuria associated with renal colic is characteristic of ureteral or renal stones. ② The hematuria with interrupted flow of urine is common in the bladder and urethra stones. ③ hematuria with urinary fine and difficulty urinating common in prostatitis, prostate cancer. ④ The hematuria with urinary urgency and dysuria is common in cystitis and urethritis, accompanied by back pain, fever, chills often pyelonephritis. ⑤ The hematuria accompanied by edema, hypertension, proteinuria is common in glomerulonephritis. ⑥ The hematuria associated with kidney tumors, unilateral common being in tumors, hydronephrosis and renal cysts, bilateral increase is common in congenital polycystic kidney disease, kidney affected mobility is common in renal ptosis or kidney wandering. ⑦ The hematuria associated with skin and mucous membranes and other parts of bleeding is common in blood diseases and certain infectious diseases. ⑧ The hematuria is common in merger Chyluria filariasis, chronic pyelonephritis.
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