Nephrotic Syndrome is not an isolated disease, but a syndrome mainly
characterized with a large amount of proteinuria, serious swelling, hyperlipemia
and hypoproteinemia. Without timely effective treatments, it will cause a series
of complications.
1. Infection: Nephrotic Syndrome may cause diplococcal pneumonitis,
peritonitis or sepsis. As the patients often have protein malnutrition, low IgG
level and complement protein level. Therefore, the white blood function
decreases, which can cause the immunity to decline.
2. Acute Renal Failure: As the patients often lose a large amount of protein
loss in urine, it can cause the albumin level in blood to decrease.
Consequently, the plasma oncotic pressure decreases and the effective
circulating blood volume decreases. As a result, the glomerular filtration rate
decreases.
3. Thrombopoiesis :The activity of antithrombotic factors declines so the
aggregation ability and glutinousness of blood rise. Moreover, low protein level
and high fat level in blood can make blood become thick. Arteriosclerosis can
damage wall of blood vessels, which can cause the blood hypercoagulable state.
As a result, the patients often have renal vein embolism.
4. Malnutrition : As Nephrotic Syndrome often loss a large amount of protein
in urine, it is very likely to cause protein malnutrition thus resulting in
amyotrophy and development disorder for children. In addition, the lost proteins
combine with microelements such as zinc, bronze and so on. Therefore, the
patients with Nephrotic Syndrome often have hypozincemia, weak immunity, and
anemia and so on.
5. Blood vessels diseases : Long term hyperlipidemia, especially low-density
lipoprotein can lead to coronary thrombosis.
6. Abnormal renal tubule function : A large of proteins flow into proximal
tubule, it can cause tubule disorder. The patients with Nephrotic Syndrome may
have renal glucosuria, acidaminuria and proximal renal tubular acidosis.
The above has introduced the common complications of Nephrotic Syndrome, some
of which can threaten the patients’ lives seriously. Therefore, the patients
should receive treatments as early as possible so as to avoid its
complications.