Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) describes a condition in which the microscopic
filtering units of the kidneys-glomeruli-become leaky and more than 3.5g of
protein is released out every 24 hours.
Actually, protein acts as a sponge in the blood, and it can keep fluid that
our body needs staying inside the arteries and veins. Without enough protein,
the fluid will be spilled out into other body tissues. Consequently, edema
(swelling) appears. Treatment varies with different causes of Nephrotic
Syndrome.
Both renal diseases or systemic diseases like Diabetes can lead to Nephrotic
Syndrome. Here, we mainly talk about the renal diseases. There are three main
causes:
■ Minimal Change Disease (MCD)
MCD is the number one cause of Nephrotic Syndrome in children. Despite little
or no change to the structure of glomeruli or surrounding tissue under light
microscopy. Prognosis is good.
■ Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
FSGS can be primary, or it may be related with other conditions, such as HIV,
etc. When detected at a kidney biopsy. some (“focal”) glomeruli show partial
(“segmental”) hyalinization. This disorder occurs as a result of immune
dysfunction. The root cause lies in immune complex deposits in the epithelia.
Generally, the prognosis is poor.
■ Membranous Glomerulonephritis
This belongs to a type of glomerular disease which is an autoimmune reaction
against some antigens invading into our body. Immune complexes are formed and
then lodged on the glomerular basement membrane, which appears thickened on
light microscopy.
As the largest kidney disease specialized hospital, Shijiazhuang Kidney
Disease Hospital brings together the most specialized experts team to customize
your care. These highly experienced experts communicate and collaborate
frequently, ensuring you receive comprehensive and best treatment.