What Are The Clinical Manifestations for Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic Syndrome is not a kind of disease or the symptom of kidney disease. Actually, it refers to a group of clinical symptoms caused by various reasons and it is the most common manifestation of glomerular disease. In clinic, the definition of Nephrotic Syndrome is a large quantity of proteinuria (≥3.5g/d), hypoproteinemia (≤30g/L), edema and hyperlipidemia. Among them, the first two is necessary and they are the typical “Three Highs and One Low” manifestation of Nephrotic Syndrome. It shows in clinical results that most patients with Nephrotic Syndrome also have the manifestation of high blood pressure. We will introduce the clinical manifestation in detail.

The main manifestation of Nephrotic Syndrome is a large number of long-lasting edema, hyperlipidemia, and proteinuria. There are different results about Nephrotic Syndrome because of the differences of time, primary lesion and treatment. Renal Failure and Renal Insufficiency will occur because of careless treatment or non-treatment. There will be Uremia in serious cases. In the following content, we will introduce the manifestation from the aspect of edema, hyperlipidemia and proteinuria.

(1) There are different degrees of edema. For patients who have mild illness, the edema can be limited at ankle and eyelid. However, for patients whose illness is severe, the edema may affect the whole body and sometimes pleural effusion may appear. Nephrotic Syndrome edema may be influenced by the amount of fluid, the heart and liver disease, the amount of sodium intake, the patients’ position and organizational flexibility.

(2) In general, when the high blood plasma protein decreases, plasma cholesterol may increase obviously and phospholipids and triglycerides go up.

(3) The amount of urine protein in 24 hours is more than 3.5g and sometimes it may be 30g. The longer of the illness condition is, the clearer of the symptom of malnutrition is. Usually, there will be a nail-ridden visible white broadband, sparse hair, brown, pale skin losing moist, anemia and fatigue.

What mentioned above are the clinical manifestations of Nephrotic Syndrome.