Nephrotic Syndrome is a medical disorder whereby kidneys leak abnormally
amount of protein through urine. This is an immunological disease leading to
altered function of the nephron (cells of kidney). While, what are the symptoms
of Nephrotic Syndrome?
Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome may include edema (swelling of face, abdomen
and body), proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia (low level of proteins in blood), and
hyperlipidemia (high amount of lipids in blood). However, you should know that
symptoms may vary with different person. Generally, common signs and symptoms of
Nephrotic Syndrome are as follows:
① Edema: It is the major clinical manifestation and presenting symptom in
about 95~99% of cases with Nephrotic Syndrome. Edema is always subtle in onset
so few people take it seriously. In the early stage, edema appears in areas
around the eyes, feet and hands, face. Gradually, swelling may present in the
abdomen. Eventually, the edema may become generalized and can be massive
(anasarca). In most cases, edema is usually worse on the face in the morning and
is found mainly in the lower extremities later in the day.
② High blood pressure: Nephrotic Syndrome patients, whether young or elderly,
have raised blood pressure.
③ Hematuria: This means release of blood in the urine. Occasionally, patient
may present with gross hematuria.
④ Oliguria: The individual with Nephrotic Syndrome may appear reduction in
the quantity of normal urine, so he visits lavatory less often than before.
⑤ Diarrhea: Patients commonly complain of diarrhea, which is secondary to
edema of the bowel wall.
⑥ Susceptibility to infections: At times, children with Nephrotic Syndrome
present with fever and a septic picture. For most of them, the peritoneal cavity
is the site of the infection.
Besides, patients with Nephrotic Syndrome may also suffer from loss of
appetite, become irritable, fatigue and appear pale, respiratory distress (with
difficulty in breathing or shallow, rapid breathing), thromboembolism, etc.
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