How to Examine Kidney Disease

Experts introduce that check items of renal disease mainly include blood routine, urine routine and renal function examination.
一. Urine Protein Quantitation: urine protein quantitation can reflect the output of protein in urine exactly. Its method is taking a part of the leaving 24 hours urine to examine. If the protein is over 0.5g per 100ml, it is often identified as 4+ in the urine routine examination.
二. The items that can help understand the severity and estimate prognosis mainly include creatinine clearance (Ccr), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), urine creatinine, super scan, pyelography, renal puncture biopsy and so on. Not all the items mentioned above must be taken, it is enough as long as to achieve the diagnostic purpose. Its starting point is to decrease the pain of patients and the economic load of patients’ families. In addition, once the renal function, such as Ccr、Scr、BUN and so on, presents abnormal, which indicates that the kidney disease is much serious, because the compensatory ability of kidney is very strong.
Serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE): The increase and decrease of all the values has a greater significance in identifying all kinds of renal disease and estimating prognosis.
Urine routine examination: The best leaving urine is the first midstream urine in the morning and it should be taken to test in one hour. Women who are in menstrual period usually do not test urine. The purpose of testing urine is to know whether protein, red cells and casts exist or not, if exist, what proportion and ph they are.
Serum complements (total complements, c3, c4, c19): the changes of their values is helpful to apart from different nephritis and regular examinations can estimate prognosis good or bad.